The 20% Question: Should You Put More Down on Your Home or Keep Your Money Invested?

Tracy Head • September 4, 2026

One of the more interesting conversations I have with clients isn't always about which mortgage rate they should take.


Sometimes, the bigger question is: How much money should you actually put into your home?


For many Canadians, the answer seems obvious. If you have the money, put it into the house. A larger down payment means a smaller mortgage, lower monthly payments and less interest paid over time.


And there is certainly a lot to like about that approach.

But what if you also have a substantial investment portfolio that has been performing very well?


Is it always better to take money out of your investments and put it into your home?

Not necessarily.


A real-world example

I recently had a client situation that illustrates this perfectly.


The client purchased a home worth $900,000. He had enough available capital to put down 50 per cent, or $450,000.


Instead, he chose to put down 20 per cent — $180,000 — and keep the other $270,000 invested.


His reasoning was straightforward. His investment portfolio had averaged approximately 23 per cent annually over the previous three years, and he believed the potential long-term growth of keeping that money invested outweighed the benefit of putting another $270,000 into his home.


At first glance, the numbers certainly make the decision interesting.


But before anyone sees a 23 per cent return and thinks this is an easy decision, there is an important point to make.


A 23 per cent average annual return is an exceptional historical result. It is not a guaranteed return, nor should anyone assume that a portfolio will continue producing 23 per cent year after year.


Many investments and portfolios don't come close to that level of performance.


That's what makes this decision so personal.


The case for putting more money into the house is that there is something very satisfying about paying down a mortgage.


When you put an additional dollar into your home, you are reducing the amount you owe and, in turn, the amount of interest you will pay.


Unlike an investment return, the savings from paying down your mortgage are much more predictable.


Let's say, for example, your mortgage rate is 4 per cent.


Putting $100,000 against that mortgage effectively saves you the interest you would otherwise have paid on that $100,000, subject to how your mortgage is structured and how long you keep the debt.


A larger down payment can also mean:

  • A smaller mortgage balance.
  • Lower monthly payments.
  • Less interest paid over time.
  • More equity in your home from day one.
  • Less financial stress for people who prefer carrying less debt.


For someone who values certainty, paying down debt can be an excellent financial strategy.


There is also an important Canadian mortgage consideration: 20 per cent is a significant threshold. Generally, a down payment of less than 20 per cent requires mortgage loan insurance, while 20 per cent or more allows you to obtain a conventional mortgage.


Once you've reached that 20 per cent threshold, however, the conversation can become much more interesting.


The biggest advantage of keeping some money invested is liquidity and diversification.


Your home is an asset, but the money tied up in your home isn't particularly easy to access. If you put an additional $270,000 into the property, that money becomes home equity.


If you leave that $270,000 invested, it remains part of your financial portfolio and may continue to grow. Depending on the investments, you may also have the ability to access some of that capital if circumstances change.


In my client's example, $270,000 is a significant amount of money.


If that money were to earn 23 per cent in a particular year, the gain would be approximately $62,100.


Compare that with a 4 per cent mortgage.


A 4 per cent cost of borrowing on $270,000 would represent approximately $10,800 of interest in the first year, before considering how the mortgage balance changes through payments.


On the surface, that makes keeping the money invested look very attractive.


But there is an important catch.


Investment returns are not guaranteed.


The mortgage rate represents a cost you can calculate. Your investment return is uncertain.


Your portfolio could earn 23 per cent. It could earn 5 per cent. It could earn nothing. It could also lose money.

That's the trade-off.


Don't confuse a great three years with a guaranteed future

This is probably the most important point I'd make to anyone considering this strategy.

Past investment performance is not a promise of future performance.


My client's portfolio averaging approximately 23 per cent over three years is impressive. But three years is a relatively short period when you're making a decision that could affect your finances for decades.


Markets go through good periods and bad periods.


A portfolio that has performed exceptionally well can experience a significant downturn.


And unlike your mortgage payment, you can't count on your investment portfolio producing a specific return next year.


That's why I would never tell a client that keeping their money invested is automatically better than paying down their mortgage.

It isn't.


There is also something to be said for peace of mind.


Personal finance isn't just about spreadsheets.


Two people can look at exactly the same numbers and make completely different decisions — and both can be making perfectly reasonable choices.


One person may look at a $450,000 mortgage and think, "I want that debt as small as possible."


Another may look at the same mortgage and say, "I'm comfortable carrying the debt because I want to keep my investments working for me."


Neither person is necessarily wrong.


Your income, job stability, age, investment risk tolerance, tax situation, other debts, retirement plans and overall financial picture all matter.


And perhaps most importantly, your ability to tolerate risk matters.


If seeing your investment portfolio fall 25 per cent would cause you to panic and sell everything, keeping a large amount invested simply because it has performed well recently may not be the right strategy for you.


There is a middle ground

It doesn't have to be an all-or-nothing decision.


You don't necessarily have to put either 20 per cent or 50 per cent down.


You might choose 25, 30 or 35 per cent, for example, while keeping some money invested.


That can provide a balance between reducing mortgage debt and maintaining investment exposure.


The right answer depends on the individual.


For some people, the predictable benefit of reducing debt will be more valuable than the potential investment gains.


For others, particularly those with strong cash flow, a long investment horizon and a diversified portfolio, maintaining investments while carrying a larger mortgage may make more sense.


So, what's the right answer?


As a mortgage broker, my job is to help clients understand the mortgage side of the equation. I can show them how different down payments affect their mortgage amount, payments and borrowing costs.


But I don't believe there is one universal answer to the question of whether you should put 20 per cent down or 50 per cent down.


The client with the $900,000 home made a decision that made sense for his particular circumstances. He chose to put $180,000 down, keep approximately $270,000 invested and accept the investment risk that came with that decision.


His portfolio's approximately 23 per cent average return over the previous three years certainly makes the decision look good in hindsight.


But hindsight is a wonderful thing.


None of us knows what the next three years will look like.


The lesson isn't that you should keep your money invested because investments can outperform your mortgage.


The lesson is that your home equity and your investment portfolio are two different pieces of your overall financial picture and deciding how much to allocate to each deserves careful consideration.


A larger down payment can provide certainty, lower debt and peace of mind.


Keeping money invested can provide liquidity, diversification and the potential for greater long-term growth but with substantially more uncertainty.


There is no magic percentage that works for everyone.



Disclosure: I am a mortgage broker, not a financial planner or investment advisor. The investment example above is based on an individual client's historical experience and should not be interpreted as a forecast or recommendation. Investment returns vary, and not all investments or portfolios perform anywhere near this level. Before deciding whether to put more money into your home or keep it invested, you should speak with your own qualified financial advisor or financial planner to determine whether the strategy makes sense for your individual circumstances.


Sometimes the best mortgage decision isn't simply about getting the smallest mortgage possible.


It's about finding the balance between debt, investments, risk and peace of mind that works for you.

Tracy Head

Mortgage Broker

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By Tracy Head • October 28, 2026
If you are self-employed you know the drill. You work hard, take care of your customers, pay your bills and try to keep as much of your money as possible. When tax time rolls around, you sit down with your accountant and look for every legal way to lower your taxable income.  It makes sense. Why pay more tax than you have to? But there is a catch that many business owners do not think about until they are ready to buy a home. The same tax returns that help you save money can make it harder to qualify for a mortgage. I have seen this issue come up time and again with self-employed buyers. They run good businesses, have money in the bank and can easily afford the monthly mortgage payment. Yet, when a traditional lender reviews their tax returns, the income on paper may be too low to qualify. The good news is that there are options. The important thing is to understand them before you start shopping for a home. Not all mortgage lenders see income the same way. When most banks review a mortgage application, they want to see your personal tax returns, Notices of Assessment and other records. They usually focus on the income you report after business expenses, not the total amount your business brings in. For a self-employed person, that number can be misleading. Take a contractor who brings in $180,000 a year but claims business expenses that leave $65,000 in taxable income. The contractor may have plenty of cash to cover a mortgage payment, but the bank may qualify them using a much lower income figure. That does not mean the bank is wrong. It means the bank is working with the numbers it can prove. The key is knowing that traditional banks are not the only option. Some mortgage programs are designed specifically for people who own businesses and do not show their full earning power on a tax return. Option 1: Insured Stated-Income Mortgages One option worth exploring is an insured mortgage program for self-employed buyers. These programs may allow a lender to use a reasonable estimate of business income, supported by other records, instead of relying only on the income shown on personal tax returns. Despite the name, “stated income” does not mean you can pick a number out of thin air. The lender and mortgage insurer still need to see that your income makes sense for your type of business. They may look at how long you have been in business, your bank statements, business revenue, credit history and the size of your down payment. Some programs also allow certain business expenses to be added back when calculating qualifying income. The big advantage is that you may be able to get a mortgage through a traditional lender without paying the higher rates and fees that often come with alternative financing. There are limits, of course. Not every business or borrower will qualify, and the lender must follow the insurer's rules. You should also expect to provide paperwork to support your application. Still, this is often one of the first options I would investigate for a self-employed buyer who wants to keep borrowing costs down. Option 2: Alternative Lenders and Bank Statement Programs What happens when your tax returns do not work, and an insured program is not a fit? This is where alternative lenders can help. These lenders often look beyond your personal tax return and take a closer look at how money moves through your business. One approach is a bank statement program. The lender may review six to 12 months of business bank statements to see how much money comes in. It then estimates how much of that money is available to support your mortgage payment after business expenses. For example, imagine a business has $240,000 in deposits over a year. A lender might apply an expense allowance based on the type of business and use the remaining amount to estimate qualifying income. The actual calculation varies by lender, and not every dollar deposited counts as income. A lender will also want to understand where the money comes from. Transfers between accounts, borrowed funds and other deposits that do not come from business sales may not count. The advantage is simple: the lender can get a better picture of your business cash flow, even if your taxable income is low. The downside is the cost. Alternative mortgages often come with higher interest rates, lender fees and stricter rules about the down payment. Depending on the lender and your situation, you may also have fewer mortgage products to choose from. These mortgages can make sense when they help you buy a home you can comfortably afford. But they should be chosen with a plan, not simply because they are the easiest approval to get. The tax savings versus mortgage costs is where things get interesting. Most business owners want to reduce their tax bill. That is understandable, and there is nothing wrong with claiming legitimate business expenses. The problem comes when tax savings today create a bigger financing cost tomorrow. But here is something many self-employed buyers overlook: paying more income tax just to qualify for a traditional mortgage is not always the best financial move. Let's say you save several thousand dollars in income tax by claiming legitimate business expenses. A year or two later, you want to buy a home, but your reported income is too low to qualify with a regular bank. You may now need an alternative mortgage with a slightly higher rate and an upfront lender fee. At first, that might sound like a bad deal. But when you compare the actual costs, it may be the better option. Consider a $600,000 mortgage. If an alternative lender charges an interest rate just one percentage point higher than a traditional lender, the difference would be about $6,000 in interest over a year if the full balance stayed at $600,000. In practice, the difference will change as you make payments and your mortgage balance declines. Now compare that cost with the extra income tax you might pay by reporting a higher taxable income. Depending on your business expenses, tax bracket and province, the additional tax bill could be substantial. You could end up paying more in taxes than you would have spent on the higher mortgage rate and lender fees. Of course, you need to run the numbers carefully. Alternative mortgages can come with lender fees, legal costs and penalties if you refinance too soon. The rate difference may also change over time, and there is no guarantee that you will qualify for a traditional mortgage later. The point is that paying more tax is not automatically cheaper than paying a little more for your mortgage. In some cases, keeping your legitimate business deductions and using an alternative lender can leave you in a stronger financial position. The best approach is to compare both options before making a decision. Ask your accountant to estimate the extra tax you would pay if you reported more income. Then ask your mortgage broker to calculate the full cost of an alternative mortgage, including interest, fees and any expected refinancing costs. You may find that paying a modest premium for your mortgage is a better deal than giving up valuable tax deductions. The goal is not to avoid taxes at all costs, nor is it to qualify for a mortgage at any cost. It is to look at the whole picture and choose the option that leaves more money in your pocket over time. If buying a home is on your radar in the next one to three years, it is worth having a conversation with both your accountant and a mortgage broker before making major decisions about how you report your income. Ask your accountant to explain the tax savings from your current approach. Then ask a mortgage broker to estimate what you could qualify for under different lending options. You may discover that a traditional mortgage is still within reach. Some lenders can make reasonable adjustments for certain business expenses, and insured self-employed programs may offer more flexibility than you expect. If those options do not work, a bank statement mortgage may be a sensible short-term solution. In that case, ask what it would take to move to a lower-cost mortgage later. That could mean building a stronger income history, improving credit, paying down debt or waiting until your tax returns better support the mortgage you need. Most importantly, do not wait until you have found your dream home to start figuring this out. The bottom line is that being self-employed should not mean you have to pay more for a mortgage than necessary. But the way you manage your business finances can affect the choices available to you when it is time to buy a home. Saving tax is important. So is keeping your financing costs under control. The goal is not to pay the most tax or the least tax. It is to make informed decisions that work for your business today and your plans for tomorrow. A little planning can make a big difference. And when it comes to buying a home, knowing your options before you need them is one of the smartest moves a business owner can make. Important note: Mortgage programs, insurer rules, rates and fees change from time to time. This column is for general information, not personal tax or mortgage advice. Confirm current program requirements with your licensed mortgage professional and discuss tax decisions with your accountant.
Three people in a meeting across a desk, with papers, a laptop, and a glass of water in a bright office.
By Tracy Head • October 15, 2026
When you’re buying a home or renewing your mortgage, choosing a lender is one of the biggest financial decisions you’ll make. Many Canadians start with their bank because it’s familiar. They may have their chequing account, savings, and credit cards all in one place. It seems like the natural place to get a mortgage, too. After years of helping clients find the right mortgage, I’ve learned that the best choice isn’t always the biggest bank. That’s why I often work with monoline lenders to help my clients find a mortgage that fits their needs. What Is a Monoline Lender? A monoline lender is a company that focuses mainly on mortgages. Unlike traditional banks, monoline lenders don’t offer everyday banking services such as chequing accounts, credit cards, or car loans. Instead, they focus on one main job: providing home financing. Many monoline lenders work through mortgage brokers rather than dealing directly with customers. This means I can compare their mortgage options with those of banks and other lenders to help find a suitable fit for each client. You may not recognize the name of a monoline lender, but that doesn’t mean it’s a small or risky operation. Many are well-established companies that serve homeowners across Canada. One of the biggest reasons I work with monoline lenders is their focus on mortgages. Because mortgages are their main business, they often offer competitive interest rates and mortgage features that can be very attractive to borrowers. Even a small difference in your interest rate can make a difference over time. But I always remind my clients that the lowest rate isn’t the only thing that matters. The mortgage also needs to work with their budget, plans, and comfort level. Here are some of the advantages I see when working with monoline lenders: 1. Competitive interest rates Monoline lenders often offer very competitive rates, sometimes lower than those offered by the big banks. This can help reduce borrowing costs over the life of a mortgage. 2. Mortgage terms that put borrowers first Some monoline lenders offer flexible mortgage features, including helpful options for making extra payments or paying off a mortgage early. Their prepayment rules and penalties can also be more favourable than those of some bank mortgages. However, every lender and mortgage product is different, so I always look at the details before making a recommendation. 3. A focus on mortgage service Since monoline lenders specialize in mortgages, their processes and support teams are built around home financing. As a mortgage broker, I work with their lending teams to help move applications forward and deal with questions along the way. 4. More choice for my clients I believe my job is to look beyond the name on the building. By working with different types of lenders, I can compare more options instead of limiting my clients to what one bank offers. That extra choice can be especially helpful for first-time buyers, families renewing their mortgages, and homeowners who want to make the most of their money. Of course, no lender is perfect, and monoline lenders are no exception. One difference is that you generally won’t have a branch to visit for your mortgage. You may need to contact the lender by phone, online, or through your mortgage broker. For people who prefer face-to-face service at their local bank, this can take some getting used to. You also won’t be able to keep your everyday banking and mortgage with the same monoline company. Some people prefer having everything in one place, and that convenience has value. Another important point is that mortgage features can vary widely. Some monoline mortgages have excellent prepayment options, while others may have limits or conditions. Penalties for breaking a mortgage early can also vary, especially with fixed-rate mortgages. That’s why I encourage clients to read the terms carefully and ask questions before signing. A low rate is only a good deal if the mortgage suits your needs. How Do Monoline Lenders Compare With Traditional Banks? Traditional banks have plenty to offer. They provide familiar service, a wide range of financial products, and the convenience of managing several accounts under one roof. Some also offer discounts or benefits when you combine your mortgage with other products. Monoline lenders, on the other hand, focus on mortgages and may offer better rates or more suitable mortgage terms for certain borrowers. Neither option is automatically better. The right choice depends on your financial situation, your plans, and the mortgage details. This is where working with a mortgage broker can make a real difference. We can compare options from different lenders, explain the differences in plain language, and help you understand what you’re agreeing to. My Advice: Look Beyond the Name After years in the mortgage business, I believe that choosing a mortgage should be about more than finding the lowest rate or going with a familiar name. It should be about finding a mortgage that gives you good value, fits your budget, and offers the flexibility you may need in the future. That’s why I often recommend monoline lenders. They give me more options to consider and can provide excellent mortgage solutions for many Canadian homeowners. Most importantly, I want my clients to feel informed and comfortable with their decision. A mortgage is a major commitment, and you deserve to understand your choices before making it. Whether your mortgage is with a major bank, a credit union, or a monoline lender, the goal remains the same: to help you find the right fit for your life, not simply the first option put in front of you. The best mortgage isn’t always the one with the most familiar name. It’s the one that works best for you.